> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.stakingrewards.com/staking-data/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.stakingrewards.com/staking-data/methodologies/cosmos-ecosystem-srb/coreum-srb.md). # Coreum SRB Learn how Coreum (TX) staking rewards are calculated. COREUMSRB combines the Cosmos SDK mint formula (annual provisions, fees, community tax) with the TX Proof of Support Emission paid to delegators, COREUMSRB is a benchmark representing the mean, annualized staking rate across all active Coreum validators. COREUMSRB is calculated and published by Staking Rewards via the [Coreum Profile](https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/coreum) and [Data API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api). > **TL;DR:** The Coreum chain now runs as TX (bond denom `ucore`). Stakers earn two streams: the Cosmos SDK mint reward (ATOMSRB: annual provisions plus annualized fees, minus community tax) and the much larger Proof of Support Emission (PSE), a fixed monthly allocation paid to delegators until March 2033. COREUMSRB adds both and divides by all bonded stake. Validator-level rates factor in performance; commission is deducted from the mint part only. {% hint style="info" %} The calculations are derived from the ATOMSRB documentation, serving as the foundational reference to ensure the accuracy of relevant metrics. For more information visit the [ATOMSRB docs](https://docs.stakingrewards.com/staking-data/methodologies/cosmos-hub-srb). {% endhint %} {% content-ref url="/pages/aKwZW2LPk4OF6A8oB6OI" %} [Cosmos Hub SRB](/staking-data/methodologies/cosmos-ecosystem-srb/cosmos-hub-srb.md) {% endcontent-ref %} ### COREUM Staking Rewards Rate: COREUMSRB $$ COREUMSRB = \underbrace{ATOMSRB}*{\text{mint part}} + \underbrace{\frac{PSE*{community} \cdot 12}{st}}\_{\text{PSE part}} $$ with the mint part computed exactly as ATOMSRB: $$ ATOMSRB = \frac{(ap \cdot \frac{bt\_{exp}}{bt\_{30d}} + df\_{30d} \cdot t\_y) \cdot (1 - ct)}{st} $$ | Formula Key | Metric Name | Description | | -------------------- | -------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | $$ap$$ | Annual Provisions | x/mint annual provisions, in TX | | $$bt\_{exp}$$ | Expected Block Time | $$t\_y \cdot t\_d$$ divided by the x/mint `blocks_per_year` parameter | | $$bt\_{30d}$$ | Average Block Time | 30-day average of the observed block time | | $$df\_{30d}$$ | Daily Fees | 30-day average of daily transaction fees (currently about 0 on this chain) | | $$ct$$ | Community Tax | x/distribution community tax (applies to the mint part only) | | $$PSE\_{community}$$ | Monthly PSE Community Allocation | The `pse_community` allocation of the next scheduled PSE distribution (currently 476,190,476 TX per month) | | $$st$$ | Staked Tokens | All bonded tokens (staking pool `bonded_tokens`) | {% embed url="" %} ATOM Staking Rewards Rate {% endembed %} #### TX Proof of Support Emission (PSE) * Since the v6 upgrade, 100B TX were pre-minted into six PSE clearing accounts and are released over 84 monthly distributions, on the 6th of each month from 2026-04-06 to **2033-03-06**. 40% of each distribution (the `pse_community` allocation, 476,190,476 TX) is paid to delegators. * Each delegator's share is proportional to a stake × time score (delegated tokens × seconds staked) accumulated over the month; the score resets after every payout, and payouts are automatically delegated to the delegator's validators. * The PSE part uses the `pse_community` amount of the next scheduled distribution (`last_processed_distribution_id + 1`), annualized ×12. ×12 equals the schedule average (40B TX over 7 years) and avoids month-length jitter. * PSE is paid outside x/distribution, so no community tax is deducted and no validator commission is taken. * The scheduled amount is about 0.66% above what delegators actually receive: the share earned by delegations to jailed validators, fully undelegated delegators and rounding goes to the community pool. * The PSE part is 0 only when the chain disables distributions or the schedule has ended. * **Denominator:** all bonded stake, i.e. the stake-weighted mean across every staker. 29 addresses (about 321M TX of delegations) are excluded from PSE on-chain; they are real stakers earning 0 PSE and are kept in the denominator. A non-excluded delegator therefore earns somewhat more than COREUMSRB: dividing by PSE-eligible stake only gave about 162% against 150% on 2026-09-23. The eligible-only variant is not published because the exclusion list is set by governance and can change. * Because a fixed nominal emission is divided by point-in-time stake, COREUMSRB saw-tooths within each month: each payout is auto-delegated and raises bonded stake by roughly 11%, lowering the rate right after the 6th. *** ### COREUM Validator Staking Rewards Rate: COREUMSRB(v) Staking Rewards calculates the COREUMSRB for each validator based on their individual performance and commission rate. Commission is deducted from the mint part only, because PSE is paid to delegators outside x/distribution and no validator commission is taken from it. $$ COREUMSRB(v) = \left( ATOMSRB \cdot (1 - commission) + \frac{PSE\_{community} \cdot 12}{st} \right) \cdot performance $$ Inactive (unbonded or unbonding) validators are published with a rate of 0. {% hint style="info" %} Delegators at PSE-excluded addresses receive only the mint part, whichever validator they delegate to. {% endhint %} {% embed url="" %} ATOM Validator Staking Rewards Rate {% endembed %} *** ### COREUM Real Reward Rate: COREUMSRB^R The real reward rate calculates the COREUMSRB adjusted for inflation in the network. $$ COREUMSRB^R = ATOMSRB^R $$ {% embed url="" %} ATOM Real Reward Rate {% endembed %} #### Inflation Rate Behavior * The inflation rate ($$ir$$) is x/mint issuance only: block-time-adjusted annual provisions divided by circulating supply. * PSE is not counted as inflation: its tokens were pre-minted into the PSE clearing accounts at the v6 upgrade, so the monthly releases unlock existing supply rather than issue new tokens. They do, however, increase circulating supply by about 1.19B TX per month until 2033-03-06. *** ### Limitations * 365-day convention, no leap-year adjustment. * The PSE part uses the scheduled monthly allocation, not realised payouts (about 0.66% higher), and point-in-time bonded stake rather than the time-averaged stake the protocol scores. * The benchmark averages over all bonded stake, so it understates the rate for a PSE-eligible delegator and overstates it for the 29 PSE-excluded addresses, which earn the mint part only. * COREUMSRB^R deflates by x/mint inflation only. It does not account for the growth in circulating supply from monthly PSE releases (about 1.19B TX per month), so it overstates the real return relative to circulating-supply dilution. * The PSE score is duration-weighted and resets monthly, so a delegation opened mid-month earns less than the annualized rate in its first month. * No guarantee of individual validator or delegator rates. *** ### Other Coreum metrics calculated by Staking Rewards
MetricDescription
Delegated TokensThe number of tokens delegated to validators.
Self Staked TokensThe number of tokens staked by validators directly.
Circulating SupplyTotal on-chain TX supply minus the balances still held in the six PSE clearing accounts (not yet released).
Total SupplyOn-chain total supply of the bond denom.
Eligible SupplyThe supply that can be staked: on-chain TX supply minus the balances still held in the six PSE clearing accounts. Those are keyless module accounts that cannot delegate, so the unreleased PSE pool is excluded. Equal to Circulating Supply; it grows by about 1.19B TX with each monthly PSE release.
Staking RatioStaked Tokens divided by Eligible Supply.
Staking WalletsThis metric refers to the number of unique delegator addresses with at least one delegation on-chain. An address delegating to several validators is counted once. It excludes considerations of any minimum delegation thresholds.
*** #### Data Sources: * [Staking Rewards](https://www.stakingrewards.com/) from indexed Coreum (TX) Blocks and Blockchain RPC Endpoints: x/mint annual provisions and parameters, staking pool, x/distribution parameters, bank supply, and the TX PSE module (scheduled distributions, last processed distribution, clearing account balances). *** #### References: * * * [TX PSE module specification](https://github.com/tokenize-x/tx-chain/tree/master/x/pse/spec) *** :books:[ Learn more about COREUM Staking](https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/coreum) :bar\_chart: [Calculate your COREUM Staking Rewards](https://www.stakingrewards.com/calculator?asset=coreum) ⚙️ [Access historic Coreum Staking Data via API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api) ``` Last updated on 09/29/2026 ```