# Monad SRB

MONSRB is a benchmark representing the mean, annualized staking rate across all active Monad validators.

MONSRB is calculated and published by Staking Rewards via the [Monad Profile](https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/monad) and [Data API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api).

> **TL;DR:** Monad staking rewards come from a fixed block reward of 25 MON per block. The reward rate equals block reward times blocks per year divided by total staked MON. The rate is inversely proportional to total staked tokens.

$$
MONSRB = blockReward \times blocksPerYear / totalStakedTokens
$$

<table data-full-width="false"><thead><tr><th width="200">Formula key</th><th width="200">Metric name</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>blockReward</td><td>Block Reward</td><td>The fixed block reward of 25 MON per block, as defined by the Monad protocol.</td></tr><tr><td>blocksPerYear</td><td>Blocks Per Year</td><td>The theoretical number of blocks produced per year, calculated as: <code>365 * 24 * 60 * 60 / blockTime</code>, where <code>blockTime</code> is the average block time sourced from the Monad RPC.</td></tr><tr><td>totalStakedTokens</td><td>Total Staked Tokens</td><td>The sum of all MON tokens staked across active validators, sourced from the gmonads.com validator API.</td></tr></tbody></table>

* MONSRB is non-compounded and represents the staking rate before reinvesting rewards.
* Includes both claimed and unclaimed staking rewards.
* The fixed 25 MON block reward provides a predictable base for the reward rate calculation.
* The reward rate is inversely proportional to total staked tokens: as more MON is staked, the per-token reward decreases.

#### Slashing

1. MONSRB does not factor in the possibility of slashing occurrences.
2. Monad implements slashing via the staking precompile contract for validator misbehavior.

***

### MON Validator Staking Reward Rate: MONSRB(v)

Staking Rewards calculates the MONSRB for each validator by adjusting the asset-level reward rate for the validator's commission.

$$
MONSRB(v) = MONSRB \times (1 - commission)
$$

<table data-full-width="false"><thead><tr><th width="150">Formula key</th><th width="200">Metric name</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>commission</td><td>Commission</td><td>The validator's commission rate, sourced from the staking precompile contract at <code>0x0000000000000000000000000000000000001000</code> via the <code>getValidator</code> method. Commission is stored as a uint256 value scaled by 1e18 (i.e., 1e18 = 100%).</td></tr></tbody></table>

***

#### Observation Period:

1. The MONSRB is determined based on the latest block data at the point of evaluation.
2. Block time is derived from the current average block production rate.
3. This data is then annualized for a comprehensive year-long projection.

#### Calculation

The calculation happens every 2 hours and is immediately published via [Data API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api).

#### Limitations

1. MONSRB employs a 365-day convention for annualizing block rewards. This convention remains consistent and does not accommodate adjustments for leap years.
2. The calculation assumes a constant 25 MON block reward. Protocol upgrades may change this value.
3. Block time variability can affect the actual annualized reward. The calculation uses the current observed block time.
4. Individual validator rates depend on their commission setting, which can be changed by the validator operator.

### MON Real Reward Rate: MONSRB^R

The real reward rate calculates the MONSRB adjusted for inflation in the network.

$$
MONSRB^R = (1 + MONSRB) / (1 + ir) - 1
$$

<table data-full-width="false"><thead><tr><th width="141">Formula key</th><th width="158">Metric name</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>ir</td><td>Inflation Rate</td><td>The annualized inflation rate, computed as: <code>annualRewards / totalSupply</code>, where <code>annualRewards = blockReward * blocksPerYear</code> and <code>totalSupply</code> is sourced from CoinGecko market data.</td></tr></tbody></table>

#### Inflation Rate Behavior

Monad's inflation is driven by a fixed 25 MON block reward per block. The effective inflation rate depends on the block production rate and total supply. As total supply grows over time while block rewards remain fixed, the inflation rate naturally decreases. Unlike chains with a programmatic inflation schedule, Monad's inflation is a direct function of the fixed block reward and block production cadence.

***

### Other Monad metrics calculated by Staking Rewards:

<table data-full-width="false"><thead><tr><th width="212.99999999999994">Metric</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Staked Tokens</td><td>Total MON tokens staked across all active validators.</td></tr><tr><td>Total Validators</td><td>The number of active validators on the Monad network.</td></tr><tr><td>Commission</td><td>Per-validator commission rate, sourced from the staking precompile contract.</td></tr><tr><td>Annual Rewards</td><td>Total MON tokens distributed as staking rewards per year, based on block reward and block production rate.</td></tr></tbody></table>

#### Data Sources:

* [Staking Rewards](https://www.stakingrewards.com/) from indexed Monad Blockchain RPC Endpoints
* [gmonads.com](https://gmonads.com/) for validator metadata

***

#### References:

* <https://docs.monad.xyz/>
* <https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/monad>

***

:books: [Learn more about MON Staking](https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/monad)

:bar\_chart: [Calculate your MON Staking Rewards](https://www.stakingrewards.com/calculator?asset=monad)

:gear: [Access historic Monad Staking Data via API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api)

```
Last updated on 04/04/2026
```


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