> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.stakingrewards.com/staking-data/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.stakingrewards.com/staking-data/methodologies/ontology-srb.md).

# Ontology SRB

Learn how Ontology staking rewards are calculated. ONTSRB formula covers ONG emissions, the governance DappFee staker share, dual-token model, transaction fees, and staked ONT value.

ONTSRB is a benchmark representing the mean, annualized staking rate across all active Ontology validators.

ONTSRB is calculated and published by Staking Rewards via the [Ontology Profile](https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/ontology) and [Data API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api).

> **TL;DR:** Ontology uses a dual-token model where staking rewards are paid in ONG (utility token) to ONT stakers. The reward rate takes the staker share (currently 80%) of yearly ONG emissions plus annualized fee revenue in USD, divided by total staked ONT value.

### ONT Staking Rewards Rate: ONTSRB

Ontology uses a dual-token model: ONT is the staking and governance token, while ONG is the utility and reward token. Staking rewards are distributed in ONG, so the reward rate is expressed as the USD-denominated return on staked ONT.

$$
ONTSRB = s \* (e\_{ong} \* p\_{ong} + fr) / (st \* p\_{ont})
$$

<table><thead><tr><th width="149">Formula key</th><th width="220">Metric name</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>s</td><td>Staker Share</td><td>The share of the governance contract's ONG income paid to nodes and stakers: s = 1 − DappFee / 100, where DappFee is the governance parameter <code>globalParam2.DappFee</code>, read live from the governance native contract. Currently DappFee = 20, so s = 0.8.</td></tr><tr><td><span class="math">e_{ong}</span></td><td>Yearly ONG Emissions</td><td>The gross ONG released to the governance contract per year. Currently 31,536,000 ONG (1 ONG per second).</td></tr><tr><td><span class="math">p_{ong}</span></td><td>ONG Price</td><td>The current market price of ONG in USD.</td></tr><tr><td>fr</td><td>Fee Revenue</td><td>Annualized transaction fee revenue in USD (daily ONG fees × 365 × ONG price).</td></tr><tr><td>st</td><td>Staked Tokens</td><td>The total number of ONT tokens currently staked across all validators.</td></tr><tr><td><span class="math">p_{ont}</span></td><td>ONT Price</td><td>The current market price of ONT in USD.</td></tr></tbody></table>

* ONTSRB takes into account all accumulated rewards, whether they have been claimed or remain unclaimed.
* ONTSRB operates on a non-compounded basis, meaning it excludes returns generated from the reinvestment of rewards.
* ONTSRB accounts for both ONG emissions and transaction fee revenue. The staker share s applies to both: the governance contract splits its whole ONG balance, emissions and fees alike.

#### ONG Emission Schedule

ONG is released per second from mainnet launch (June 30, 2018), with the rate set per year band. Since July 7, 2020 the entire release goes to the governance native contract, under the schedule 5, 4, 1, 1, … ONG per second:

| Year since launch | ONG per Second | Yearly ONG  |
| ----------------- | -------------- | ----------- |
| 1                 | 5              | 157,680,000 |
| 2                 | 4              | 126,144,000 |
| 3 onward          | 1              | 31,536,000  |

The network is currently in the 1 ONG/sec band. The MainNet v3.0.0 upgrade (released November 2025) capped total ONG supply at 800 million, which shortens the release tail but does not change the current-year rate.

#### Distribution: the DappFee staker share

The governance contract periodically splits its full ONG balance, which holds both the emission and transaction fees. The governance parameter `DappFee` sets the percentage sent to the ecosystem gas address; the remainder is distributed to nodes and their stakers. `DappFee` has been 20 since v3.0.0 (first split on December 29, 2025), so 80% of emissions and fees reach nodes and stakers. Before v3.0.0 it was 0. ONTSRB reads `DappFee` live on every run, so a governance change is picked up automatically.

#### Slashing

{% hint style="info" %}
Ontology does not implement slashing. Validators that fail to meet performance requirements are demoted from Consensus Node to Candidate Node status rather than having their stake slashed.
{% endhint %}

***

### ONT Validator Staking Rewards Rate: ONTSRB(v)

Staking Rewards calculates the ONTSRB for each validator based on their individual commission rate.

$$
ONTSRB(v) = ONTSRB \* (1 - cr)
$$

<table><thead><tr><th width="149">Formula key</th><th width="220">Metric name</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>cr</td><td>Commission Rate</td><td>The percentage of rewards retained by the validator. Derived from the user proportion: cr = 1 − user_proportion.</td></tr></tbody></table>

#### Validator Types

Ontology distinguishes between two validator types:

| Type           | Description                                                                    |
| -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Consensus Node | Active block-producing validators participating in consensus.                  |
| Candidate Node | Validators that have applied but are not currently participating in consensus. |

**Observation Period:**

1. ONTSRB is determined based on the latest data at the point of evaluation.
2. This data is then annualized for a comprehensive year-long projection.

**Calculation**

The calculation happens every 2 hours and is immediately published via [Data API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api).

**Limitations**

* ONTSRB employs a 365-day convention for annualizing ONG emissions and daily fees. This convention remains consistent and does not accommodate adjustments for leap years.
* ONTSRB does not account for potential changes to the ONG emission schedule within a calculation period.
* If the governance `DappFee` parameter cannot be read or is outside 0–100, ONTSRB is not updated for that run; the previously published value remains in place.
* Individual validator reward rates may vary based on the validator's commission rate and node type.

***

### ONT Real Reward Rate: ONTSRB^R

The real reward rate calculates the ONTSRB adjusted for inflation in the network.

$$
ONTSRB^R = 1 + ONTSRB / (1 + ir) - 1
$$

<table><thead><tr><th width="149">Formula key</th><th width="220">Metric name</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>ir</td><td>Inflation Rate</td><td>The rate at which new ONT enters the circulating supply.</td></tr></tbody></table>

**Inflation Rate Behaviour**

ONT has a fixed total supply of 1,000,000,000 tokens with no minting mechanism. The inflation rate is 0%. As a result, the real reward rate equals the nominal reward rate.

***

### Other Ontology metrics calculated by Staking Rewards:

| Metric               | Description                                                                                                           |
| -------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Delegated Tokens     | Number of ONT tokens delegated to validators by stakers.                                                              |
| Self Staked Tokens   | Number of ONT tokens staked by validators directly (initial stake).                                                   |
| Staking Wallets      | Total unique delegations across all validators.                                                                       |
| Fee Revenue          | Annualized transaction fees in USD.                                                                                   |
| Yearly ONG Emissions | Gross ONG released to the governance contract per year under the current emission schedule, before the DappFee split. |

***

#### Data Sources:

* [Staking Rewards](https://www.stakingrewards.com/) from indexed Ontology Explorer API endpoints
* Ontology MainNet node storage reads of the governance native contract (`globalParam2.DappFee`)
* [CoinGecko](https://www.coingecko.com/) for ONT and ONG price data

***

#### References:

* [Ontology Documentation](https://docs.ont.io/)
* [Ontology Node Staking](https://node-docs.ont.io/)
* [ONG Tokenomics](https://ont.io/news/ong-tokenomics-adjustment-ong-is-now-capped-at-800-million/)

***

:books: [Learn more about ONT Staking](https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/ontology)

:bar\_chart: [Calculate your ONT Staking Rewards](https://www.stakingrewards.com/calculator?asset=ontology)

:gear: [Access historic Ontology Staking Data via API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api)

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Last updated on 09/24/2026
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