🌌Cosmos Hub SRB

Cosmos Hub Staking Rewards Benchmark (CHSRB™) Methodology

CHSRB is a benchmark representing the mean, annualized staking rate across all active networks' validators. CHSRB refers to all digital assets utilizing Cosmos SDK technology and following the same metric calculation principles.

Projects might introduce proprietary changes or include additional parameters. The differences are mentioned for calculations involving extra or modified variables.

CHSRB is calculated and published by Staking Rewards via the dedicated asset profiles and Staking Data API.

Cosmos Hub Assets

Project Name	Asset Name	Asset Profile	Staking Rewards Calculator	Comments
Agoric	BLD	BLD Asset Page	BLD Staking Calculator
Akash	AKT	AKT Asset Page	AKT Staking Calculator
Andromeda	ANDR	ANDR Asset Page	ANDR Staking Calculator
Archway	ARCH	ARCH Asset Page	ARCH Staking Calculator
AssetMantle	MNTL	MNTL Asset Page	MNTL Staking Calculator
Aura Network	AURA	AURA Asset Page	AURA Staking Calculator
Axelar	AXL	AXL Asset Page	AXL Staking Calculator
Band Protocol	BAND	BAND Asset Page	BAND Staking Calculator
Bitcanna	BCNA	BCNA Asset Page	BCNA Staking Calculator
BitSong	BTSG	BTSG Asset Page	BTSG Staking Calculator
Canto	CANTO	CANTO Asset Page	CANTO Staking Calculator	Canto SRB includes reward distribution proportion
Celestia	TIA	TIA Asset Page	TIA Staking Calculator
cheqd	CHEQ	CHEQ Asset Page	CHEQ Staking Calculator
Chihuahua	HUAHUA	HUAHUA Asset Page	HUAHUA Staking Calculator
Comdex	CMDX	CMDX Asset Page	CMDX Staking Calculator
Coreum	COREUM	COREUM Asset Page	COREUM Staking Calculator
Cosmos	ATOM	ATOM Asset Page	ATOM Staking Calculator
Cronos	CRO	CRO Asset Page	CRO Staking Calculator
Cudos	CUDOS	CUDOS Asset Page	CUDOS Staking Calculator
Desmos	DSM	DSM Asset Page	DSM Staking Calculator
Dora Vota	DORA	DORA Asset Page	DORA Staking Calculator
dYdX	DYDX	DYDX Asset Page	DYDX Staking Calculator
Dymension	DYM	DYM Asset Page	DYM Staking Calculator
Finschia	FNSA	FNSA Asset Page	FNSA Staking Calculator
Humans.ai	HEART	HEART Asset Page	HEART Staking Calculator
Kava	KAVA	KAVA Asset Page	KAVA Staking Calculator	Kava SRB does not include community tax and fees
Ki Chain	XKI	XKI Asset Page	XKI Staking Calculator
Injective	INJ	INJ Asset Page	INJ Staking Calculator
Juno	JUNO	JUNO Asset Page	JUNO Staking Calculator
Mars Protocol	MARS	MARS Asset Page	MARS Staking Calculator
Medibloc	MED	MED Asset Page	MED Staking Calculator
Nym	NYM	NYM Asset Page	NYM Staking Calculator
OmniFlix	FLIX	FLIX Asset Page	FLIX Staking Calculator
Onomy Protocol	NOM	NOM Asset Page	NOM Staking Calculator
Osmosis	OSMO	OSMO Asset Page	OSMO Staking Calculator	Osmosis SRB includes reward distribution proportion
Passage	PASG	PASG Asset Page	PASG Staking Calculator
Persistence	XPRT	XPRT Asset Page	XPRT Staking Calculator
Quasar	QSR	QSR Asset Page	QSR Staking Calculator
Quicksilver	QCK	QCK Asset Page	QCK Staking Calculator	Quicksilver SRB includes reward distribution proportion
Regen Network	REGEN	REGEN Asset Page	REGEN Staking Calculator
Saga	SAGA	SAGA Asset Page	SAGA Staking Calculator
Secret Network	SCRT	SCRT Asset Page	SCRT Staking Calculator
Sei Network	SEI	SEI Asset Page	SEI Staking Calculator
Sentinel	DVPN	DVPN Asset Page	DVPN Staking Calculator
Shentu	CTK	CTK Asset Page	CTK Staking Calculator
Sifchain	ROWAN	ROWAN Asset Page	ROWAN Staking Calculator
Stargaze	STARS	STARS Asset Page	STARS Staking Calculator	Stargaze SRB does not include fees
Stride	STRD	STRD Asset Page	STRD Staking Calculator	Stride SRB includes LST fees
Terra	LUNA	LUNA Asset Page	LUNA Staking Calculator
UX	UMEE	UMEE Asset Page	UMEE Staking Calculator
White Whale	WHALE	WHALE Asset Page	WHALE Staking Calculator
XPLA	XPLA	XPLA Asset Page	XPLA Staking Calculator	XPLA SRB does not include community tax and fees
ZetaChain	ZETA	ZETA Asset Page	ZETA Staking Calculator	ZetaChain SRB includes reward distribution proportion

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Cosmos Hub Staking Rewards Rate: CHSRB

$$CHSRB = (ap + df * t_y) * (1 - ct) / st$$

Formula Key	Metric Name	Description
ap	Annual Provisions	The total amount of tokens emitted per year.
df	Daily Fees	The total number of tokens paid as transaction fees.
ct	Community Tax	Community Tax is the percentage of inflation rewards and fees that are sent to the community pool at each block.
st	Staked Tokens	The total number of tokens bonded with active, non-jailed validators.
$t_y$	Year Constant	365d

• CHSRB takes into account all accumulated rewards, whether they have been claimed or remain unclaimed.

• CHSRB operates on a non-compounded basis, meaning it excludes returns generated from the reinvestment of rewards.

• CHSRB is based on an assumption of 100% validator efficiency. For a SRB Reward Rate adjusted according to individual validator performance, please refer to CHSRB(v).

Slashing

• CHSRB does not factor in the possibility of slashing occurrences.

• It's important to note that if validator entities face slashing, rewards will increase, as the slashed tokens are reallocated among validators.

Expected vs. Actual Block Time

• The inflation metrics retrieved from RPC endpoints may not depict the genuine inflation rate. This discrepancy arises due to the actual block time being significantly quicker than the protocol's targeted time.

• The difference between expected and actual block time influences the annual provisions which affects rewards.

• Consequently, there's an elevation in blocks generated annually, leading to increased inflation.

• The CHSRB methodology adjusts for this variation, prioritizing the actual block time over the anticipated block time to determine accurate inflation and reward rates.

Observation Period

• The CHSRB is determined based on the latest generated block at the point of evaluation.

• This data is then annualized for a comprehensive year-long projection.

Calculation

• The calculation happens every 2 hours and is immediately published via Staking Data API.

Limitations

• CHSRB excludes rewards accrued from Interchain/Replicated Security.

• CHSRB employs a 365-day convention for annualizing current block provisions and daily fees. This convention remains consistent and does not accommodate adjustments for leap years.

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Cosmos Hub Validator Staking Rewards Rate: CHSRB(v)

Staking Rewards calculates the CHSRB for each validator based on their individual performance and commission rate.

$$CHSRB(v) = CHSRB * (1*p)*(1-cr)$$

Formula key	Metric name	Description
p	Performance	The percentage of successfully validated blocks over the last 10,000 assigned blocks for this validator.
cr	Commission Rate	The percentage commission rate the validator has set as a delegation fee for all delegators.

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Cosmos Hub Real Reward Rate: CHSRB^R

The real reward rate calculates the CHSRB adjusted for inflation in the network.

$$CHSRB^R = 1+CHSRB /(1+i)-1$$

Formula key	Metric name	Description
i	Inflation Rate	The annual provisions are adjusted by the actual block time of the last 24 hours and divided by the total supply in the network.

Inflation Rate Behavior

• The inflation is also subject to a rate change (positive or negative) depending on the distance from the desired ratio (67%). The maximum rate change possible is defined to be 13% per year, however the annual inflation is capped as between 7% and 20%.

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Cosmos Hub Variations

Some assets might differ in calculation formulas. They can include or exclude parameters designed for projects' individual vision and needs. The modifications for selected assets are presented below:

Canto Staking Rewards Benchmark Methodology: CANTOSRB

$$CANTOSRB = (dp*ap ) / st$$

Formula Key	Additional Metric	Description
dp	Distribution Proportion	Distribution Proportion is the staking emissions percentage, currently set to 100%.

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Kava Staking Rewards Benchmark Methodology: KAVASRB

$$KAVASRB = ap / st$$

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Osmosis Staking Rewards Benchmark Methodology: OSMOSRB

$$OSMOSRB = (dp*ap + df*t_y ) / st$$

Formula Key	Additional Metric	Description
dp	Distribution Proportion	Distribution Proportion is the staking emissions percentage, currently set to 50%.

The Osmosis staking distribution allocates rewards as follows: 50% to staking, 20% to pool incentives, 25% to developer rewards, and 5% to the community pool. This structure ensures that half of the rewards go directly to those staking their tokens, while also incentivizing liquidity through pool rewards, supporting ongoing development efforts, and fostering community growth and engagement.

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Quicksilver Staking Rewards Benchmark Methodology: QCKSRB

$$QCKSRB = (dp*ap ) / st$$

Formula Key	Additional Metric	Description
dp	Distribution Proportion	Distribution Proportion is the staking emissions percentage, currently set to 80%.

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Stargaze Staking Rewards Benchmark Methodology: STARSSRB

$$STARSSRB = ap * ( 1 - c t ) / st$$

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Stride Staking Rewards Benchmark Methodology: STRDSRB

$$STRDSRB = (ap + (df+ lp)*t_y) * ( 1 - c t ) / st$$

Formula Key	Additional Metric	Description
lp	Liquid Staking Provisions	The share of the LST fees that go to the Stride stakers in the respective token.

Stride Inflation Rate Behavior

Stride has three types of token emissions: block-by-block emissions, emitted every block on the Stride blockchain, incentives distribution, and token vesting to core contributors and partners.

Stride has introduced a system whereby stakers receive fees from LSTs in addition to block commissions and daily fees. The reward structure and fee schedule can be adjusted by the governance community, indicating a flexible approach to managing market dynamics and user behavior.

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XPLA Staking Rewards Benchmark Methodology: XPLASRB

$$XPLASRB = ap / st$$

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ZetaChain Staking Rewards Benchmark Methodology: ZETASRB

$$ZETASRB = (dp*ap + df*t_y ) / st$$

Formula Key	Additional Metric	Description
dp	Distribution Proportion	Distribution Proportion is the validator emissions percentage, currently set to 75%.

ZetaChain Inflation Rate Behavior

After approximately 4 years after the TGE. based on a set curve, the protocol will plan to initiate a target of ~2.5% yearly inflation based on the current circulating supply, providing a mechanism to sustain the network into the future.

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Other Cosmos Hub metrics calculated by Staking Rewards

Metric	Description
Fee Revenue	The Fee Revenue reflects the annualized transaction fees, derived from the fees accumulated within the last 24 hours, evaluated at the prevailing USD rate.
Delegated Tokens	The number of tokens delegated to validators
Self Staked Tokens	The number of tokens staked by validators directly.
Staking Wallets	This metric refers to the total quantity of distinct delegations made. It doesn't distinguish based on unique delegator addresses and excludes considerations of any minimum delegation thresholds.

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Data Sources:

• Staking Rewards from indexed Cosmos Blocks and Blockchain RPC Endpoints

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References:

• https://docs.cosmos.network/main

• https://docs.dydx.exchange/rewards/staking_rewards

• https://docs.stride.zone/docs/strides-technical-architecture

• https://www.zetachain.com/docs/

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Last updated on 07/08/2024