🕊️Kusama SRB

Kusama Staking Rewards Benchmark (KSMSRB™) Methodology

KSMSRB is a benchmark representing the annualized staking rate for the KSM token.

KSMSRB is calculated and published by Staking Rewards via the Kusama Profile and Data API.

KSM Staking Rewards Rate: KSMSRB

$$KSMSRB = evr * t_y / st$$

Formula Key	Metric Name	Description
evr	Era Validator Reward	The total reward distributed to all validators for the previous era, sourced directly from on-chain storage.
st	Staked Tokens	The total staked KSM in the active era, sourced from on-chain era total stake.
$t_y$	Year Constant	1460 eras — used to annualize the per-era reward (6-hour eras).

• KSMSRB is non-compounded, excluding returns from reinvestment of rewards.

• The reward rate is derived from actual on-chain era rewards, not from an inflation model estimate.

• Both claimed and unclaimed rewards are included.

Slashing

• KSMSRB does not factor in the possibility of slashing occurrences.

• Kusama implements Substrate's standard slashing mechanism. Validators can be slashed for equivocation or prolonged unresponsiveness.

---

KSM Validator Staking Rewards Rate: KSMSRB(v)

Staking Rewards calculates the KSMSRB for each validator based on their individual era points (performance) and commission rate.

$$KSMSRB(v) = (vep / tep * tvr) / t_m * t_y / vst$$

Formula key	Metric Name	Description
$vep$	Validator Era Points	Validator era points accumulated in the observation period.
tep	Total Era Points	Total era points for all validators in the observation period.
tvr	Total Validator Rewards	All rewards distributed to all validators in the observation period.
vst	Validator Staked Tokens	Validator staked tokens, self-staked and nominated.
$t_y$	Year Constant	365d
$t_m$	Month Constant	30d

---

Observation Period:

1. The KSMSRB is determined based on the latest completed era at the evaluation point.

2. This data is then annualized for a comprehensive year-long projection.

Calculation

The calculation happens every 6 hours and is immediately published via Data API.

Limitations

1. KSMSRB employs a 365-day convention for annualizing era reward data. This convention remains consistent and does not accommodate adjustments for leap years.

---

KSM Real Reward Rate: KSMSRB^R

The real reward rate calculates the reward rate adjusted for inflation in the network.

$$KSMSRB^R = 1+KSMSRB/(1+ir)-1$$

Formula key	Metric name	Description
ir	Inflation Rate	Derived from on-chain era rewards: eraValidatorReward * 1460 / totalSupply.

Inflation Rate Behavior

• Kusama's inflation is determined by the NPoS inflation curve, which dynamically adjusts based on the staking ratio. The network targets an ideal staking ratio, directing a larger share of inflation to stakers when participation is below target and more to the treasury when above. The inflation rate is derived from actual on-chain era rewards, reflecting the real-time state of the network.

---

Other Kusama metrics calculated by Staking Rewards:

Metric	Description
Delegated Tokens	The number of KSM tokens nominated to validators.
Self Staked Tokens	The number of KSM tokens staked by validators directly.
Staking Wallets	Total number of nominators on-chain.

---

Data Sources:

• Kusama Substrate RPC (on-chain staking pallet queries via py-substrate-interface)

• CoinGecko for price and circulating supply

---

References:

• Polkadot Staking Docs

---

📚 Learn more about KSM Staking

📊 Calculate your KSM Staking Rewards

⚙️ Access historic KSM Staking Data via API

Last updated on 03/16/2026