> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.stakingrewards.com/staking-data/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.stakingrewards.com/staking-data/methodologies/covalent-srb.md).

# Covalent SRB

CXTSRB is a benchmark representing the mean, annualized staking rate across all active Covalent nodes.

CXTSRB is calculated and published by Staking Rewards via the [Covalent Profile](https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/covalent-x-token) and [Data API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api).

> **TL;DR:** Covalent staking rewards come from specimen rewards paid to Block Specimen Producers for data archiving. The reward rate equals the specimen reward times specimens produced, weighted by the operator's share of total staked tokens.

### CXT Staking Rewards Rate: CXTSRB

$$
CXTSRB = sr*sn*(st\_o/st)
$$

<table><thead><tr><th width="149">Formula key</th><th width="211">Metric name</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>sr</td><td>Specimen Reward</td><td>The current artifact reward per specimen, set on contract via setBlockSpecimenReward method after governance poll on APY.</td></tr><tr><td>sn</td><td>Specimen Number</td><td>The number of specimens produced per epoch by the Block Specimen Producer.</td></tr><tr><td>st</td><td>Staked Tokens</td><td>The total tokens staked with operators.</td></tr><tr><td><span class="math">st_o</span></td><td>Operator Staked Tokens</td><td>The single operator stake.</td></tr></tbody></table>

***

#### Slashing

* CXTSRB does not factor in the possibility of slashing occurrences.
* It's important to note that if validator entities face slashing, rewards will increase, as the slashed tokens are reallocated among validators.

***

### CXT Validator Staking Reward Rate: CXTSRB(v)

Staking Rewards calculates the CXTSRB for each operator, adjusting by the commission rate.

$$
CXTSRB(v) = CXTSRB\*(1-cr)
$$

<table><thead><tr><th width="142">Formula key</th><th width="198">Metric name</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>cr</td><td>Commission Rate</td><td>The percentage commission rate the operator has set.</td></tr></tbody></table>

***

#### Observation Period:

* The CXTSRB is determined based on the latest generated block at the point of evaluation.
* This data is then annualized for a comprehensive year-long projection.

#### Calculation

The calculation happens every 2 hours and is immediately published via [Data API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api).

***

### CXT Real Reward Rate: CXTSRB^R

The real reward rate calculates the CXTSRB adjusted for inflation in the network.

$$
CXTSRB^R=1 + CXTSRB/(1+ir) -1
$$

<table><thead><tr><th width="140">Formula key</th><th width="144">Metric name</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>ir</td><td>Inflation Rate</td><td>The annual provisions divided by the circulating supply.</td></tr></tbody></table>

**Inflation Rate Behavior**

* The initial staking yield and network rewards are supplied through the Staking Emission Schedule which will be used to supplement network rewards for up to 4 years.

***

### Other Covalent metrics calculated by Staking Rewards:

<table><thead><tr><th width="190">Metric</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Delegated Tokens</td><td>The number of CXT tokens staked to block producers.</td></tr><tr><td>Self Staked Tokens</td><td>The number of CXT tokens bonded by workers directly.</td></tr></tbody></table>

#### Data Sources:

* [Staking Rewards](https://www.stakingrewards.com/) from indexed Covalent Blockchain RPC Endpoints

***

#### References:

* [https://www.covalenthq.com/docs](https://www.covalenthq.com/docs/introduction)

***

:books:[ Learn more about CXT Staking](https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/covalent-x-token)

:bar\_chart: [Calculate your CXT Staking Rewards](https://www.stakingrewards.com/calculator?asset=covalent-x-token)

:gear: [Access historic Covalent Staking Data via API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api)

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Last updated on 09/11/2024
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