> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.stakingrewards.com/staking-data/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.stakingrewards.com/staking-data/methodologies/kyve-srb.md). # Kyve SRB Learn how KYVE staking rewards are calculated. KYVESRB uses the Cosmos SDK formula with annual provisions, community tax, and staked KYVE tokens; inflation has been 0 since governance proposal 59. KYVESRB is a benchmark representing the mean, annualized staking rate across all active KYVE validators. KYVESRB is calculated and published by Staking Rewards via the [Kyve Network Profile](https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/kyve-network) and [Data API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api). > **TL;DR:** KYVE has a single validator set. KYVESRB follows the Cosmos SDK formula: annual provisions, minus community tax, divided by staked tokens. Transaction fees are fully burned and are not counted. Since governance proposal 59 (December 2025) inflation is 0, so KYVESRB is currently 0%. {% hint style="warning" %} **KYVESRB is currently 0%.** Governance proposal 59, "KYVE Network Deflationary Economics Update" (passed 2025-12-19), set the mint module's `inflation_min`, `inflation_max` and `inflation_rate_change` to 0 and the transaction fee burn ratio to 100%. Annual provisions are therefore 0, and no fees reach stakers. As of 10/17/2026 no KYVE data pool is active, so no data pool rewards are paid either. Staking rewards resume only if governance changes these parameters or pools resume paying rewards. {% endhint %} ### One Validator Set Until 2025, KYVE ran two staking layers: consensus validators and separate protocol (data pool) validators, each with its own delegations. Governance proposal 43 (passed 2024-11-15) decided to merge them, and the v2.0.0 upgrade (proposal 51) applied the merge at block 11,026,800 on 2025-04-04. Since then, delegators stake to a consensus validator (Cosmos SDK `x/staking`). The same validator can also join data pools and run protocol nodes. There is no separate protocol-validator delegation and no separate data-validator benchmark. ### KYVE Staking Rewards Rate: KYVESRB $$ KYVESRB = ap \* (1 - ct) / st $$
Formula KeyMetric NameDescription
apAnnual ProvisionsThe total amount of tokens minted per year, adjusted from expected to actual block time (see below). Currently 0.
ctCommunity TaxThe percentage of minted rewards sent to the community pool at each block (currently 2%).
stStaked TokensThe total number of tokens bonded with active validators.
* KYVESRB is non-compounded and counts both claimed and unclaimed rewards. * **Transaction fees are excluded.** The KYVE `x/global` module burns the share `burn_ratio` of every transaction fee, and since proposal 59 `burn_ratio` is 1.0. Fees reduce supply instead of reaching the distribution module, so the ATOMSRB daily fees term contributes nothing and is omitted. {% hint style="info" %} The calculations are derived from the ATOMSRB documentation, serving as the foundational reference to ensure the accuracy of relevant metrics. For more information visit the [ATOMSRB docs](https://docs.stakingrewards.com/staking-data/methodologies/cosmos-hub-srb). {% endhint %} {% embed url="" %} ATOM Staking Rewards Rate {% endembed %} *** **Expected vs. Actual Block Time** * The annual provisions reported by the chain assume the protocol's expected block time (one year divided by the mint module's `blocks_per_year`). * KYVE blocks are produced faster than expected, so more blocks, and more provisions, are generated per year than the parameter implies. * KYVESRB adjusts for this: `ap = annual_provisions * expectedBlockTime / actualBlockTime`, where the actual block time is the 30-day average. * While annual provisions are 0 the adjustment has no effect, but it applies again if inflation is re-enabled. #### Slashing * KYVESRB does not factor in the possibility of slashing occurrences. * Since proposal 59, slashing is disabled: the consensus double-sign and downtime slash fractions and the protocol vote, upload and timeout slashes are all 0. * Downtime jailing still applies. A validator that signs fewer than 50% of the last 14,400 blocks is jailed for 2 hours and earns no rewards while jailed. **Limitations** * KYVESRB employs a 365-day convention for annualizing provisions. This convention does not accommodate adjustments for leap years. * KYVESRB excludes data pool (bundle) rewards. No data pool currently pays rewards. * KYVESRB excludes transaction fees, which are fully burned. * KYVESRB does not guarantee the reward rate of any individual validator. *** ### KYVE Validator Staking Reward Rate: KYVESRB(v) Staking Rewards calculates KYVESRB(v) for each validator based on its performance and commission rate. $$ KYVESRB(v) = KYVESRB \* p \* (1 - cr) $$
Formula keyMetric nameDescription
pPerformance1 - missedBlocks / 14,400: the share of blocks the validator signed over the slashing module's signed-blocks window of 14,400 blocks.
crCommission RateThe percentage commission rate the validator has set as a delegation fee for all delegators.
* Where the KYVE network indexer publishes a positive delegation APR for a validator, that value is used directly. * Inactive validators have a KYVESRB(v) of 0. #### Observation Period * KYVESRB is determined based on the latest generated block at the point of evaluation, with the block time averaged over the last 30 days. * This data is then annualized for a comprehensive year-long projection. #### Calculation The calculation happens every 2 hours and is immediately published via [Data API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api). *** ### KYVE Real Reward Rate: KYVESRB^R The real reward rate calculates the KYVESRB adjusted for inflation in the network. $$ KYVESRB^R = (1 + KYVESRB) / (1 + ir) - 1 $$
Formula keyMetric nameDescription
irInflation RateThe annual provisions divided by the circulating supply.
**Inflation Rate Behavior** * KYVE uses the standard Cosmos SDK mint module, which moves inflation toward a bonded-ratio target (`goal_bonded` = 29.2%) within the bounds `inflation_min` and `inflation_max`. * Since proposal 59 both bounds are 0, so inflation is 0 regardless of the bonded ratio. Only governance can change these parameters. * With fees fully burned and no new issuance, KYVE supply is deflationary. *** ### Other KYVE metrics calculated by Staking Rewards:
MetricDescription
Delegated TokensThe number of KYVE tokens delegated to validators by other accounts.
Self Staked TokensThe number of KYVE tokens staked by validators from their own account.
Staking WalletsUnique delegator addresses with a delegation on-chain. An address delegating to several validators counts once.
#### Data Sources: * [Staking Rewards](https://www.stakingrewards.com/) from indexed KYVE blockchain RPC and LCD endpoints * KYVE network indexer for per-validator delegation APR * CoinGecko for circulating supply *** #### References: * [KYVE documentation](https://docs.kyve.network/) * KYVE governance proposal 43, "Merging KYVE's Consensus and Protocol Staking Layers" (passed 2024-11-15) * KYVE governance proposal 51, "v2.0.0 Software Upgrade" (passed 2025-04-04) * KYVE governance proposal 59, "KYVE Network Deflationary Economics Update" (passed 2025-12-19) *** :books:[ Learn more about KYVE Staking](https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/kyve-network) :bar\_chart: [Calculate your KYVE Staking Rewards](https://www.stakingrewards.com/calculator?asset=kyve-network) :gear: [Access historic Kyve Network Staking Data via API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api) ``` Last updated on 10/17/2026 ```