# Solana SRB

SOLSRB is a benchmark representing the mean, annualized staking rate across all active Solana validators.

SOLSRB is calculated and published by Staking Rewards via the [Solana Profile](https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/solana) and [Data API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api).

> **TL;DR:** Solana staking rewards come from protocol inflation adjusted for actual vs theoretical slot times, divided by the staking ratio, plus Jito MEV tips. Validator-level rates are based on the median real APY over the last 10 completed epochs.

$$
SOLSRB = vi \* est / stAvg30d / (ss / ts) + jitoMEV
$$

<table data-full-width="false"><thead><tr><th width="141">Formula key</th><th width="158">Metric name</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>vi</td><td>Validator Inflation Rate</td><td>The annual inflation rate allocated to validators, as returned by the Solana RPC <code>getInflationRate</code> method (<code>result.validator</code>). Solana's inflation was initiated at 8% in February 2021, declining 15% annually until reaching a steady state of 1.5%. The validator portion excludes the foundation allocation.</td></tr><tr><td>est</td><td>Expected Slot Time</td><td>The theoretical slot time proposed by the consensus (0.4 seconds).</td></tr><tr><td>stAvg30d</td><td>30 Day Average of Slot Time</td><td>Average real slot time over the last 30 days, derived from historical metric data.</td></tr><tr><td>ss</td><td>Staked Supply</td><td>Number of Self-Staked and Delegated tokens to Solana Validators, aggregated from all active and delinquent vote accounts via the <code>getVoteAccounts</code> RPC method.</td></tr><tr><td>ts</td><td>Total Supply</td><td>All Solana tokens minted minus all Solana tokens burnt, as returned by the <code>getSupply</code> RPC method.</td></tr><tr><td>jitoMEV</td><td>Jito MEV Reward Rate</td><td>The highest validator Jito MEV APY across the network. This represents additional yield from MEV (Maximal Extractable Value) tips distributed via the Jito protocol.</td></tr></tbody></table>

The first part of the formula (`vi * est / stAvg30d / (ss / ts)`) represents the pure staking inflation reward. The slot time ratio (`est / stAvg30d`) adjusts for actual network performance versus the theoretical target. The Jito MEV component is additive, representing additional yield beyond inflation rewards.

Both components are published separately as reward rate variations: `staking_reward_rate` and `jito_reward_rate`.

#### Slashing

1. SOLSRB does not factor in the possibility of slashing occurrences.
2. There is no token slashing implemented at this stage.

***

### SOL Validator Staking Reward Rate: SOLSRB(v)

Staking Rewards calculates the SOLSRB for each validator based on their real achieved APY over recent epochs.

$$
SOLSRB(v) = median(apy\_{e-9}, apy\_{e-8}, ..., apy\_{e})
$$

<table data-full-width="false"><thead><tr><th width="150.33333333333331">Formula key</th><th width="187">Metric name</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>apy_e</td><td>Epoch APY</td><td>The real achieved APY for a given completed epoch, factoring in the validator's individual performance, the network's average performance, total inflation, total active stake, and commission.</td></tr><tr><td>e</td><td>Epoch</td><td>The most recently completed epoch. The median is computed over the last 10 completed epochs. For validators with fewer than 10 epochs of history, the median of all available epochs is used.</td></tr></tbody></table>

The total validator APY includes both the staking inflation component and the Jito MEV tips component. These are broken down into two variations:

<table data-full-width="false"><thead><tr><th width="200">Variation</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>staking_reward_rate</td><td>The staking inflation component of the validator's APY.</td></tr><tr><td>jito_reward_rate</td><td>The Jito MEV tips component of the validator's APY.</td></tr></tbody></table>

> **Note:** For private validators (100% commission), the reward rate is derived from the asset-level staking reward rate adjusted by the validator's uptime performance: `SOLSRB(v) = (vi * est / stAvg30d / (ss / ts)) * performance`.

***

#### Observation Period:

1. The SOLSRB is determined based on the latest generated block at the point of evaluation.
2. Validator-level rates are based on the median of the last 10 completed epochs of real achieved APY, providing a smoothed long-term yield estimate.
3. This data is then annualized for a comprehensive year-long projection.

#### Calculation

The calculation happens every 2 hours and is immediately published via [Data API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api).

#### Limitations

1. SOLSRB excludes on-chain transaction fees; these are tracked separately as the Fee Revenue metric.
2. SOLSRB employs a 365-day convention for annualizing current slot times. This convention remains consistent and does not accommodate adjustments for leap years.
3. Validators with fewer than 10 completed epochs may have less stable APY estimates due to a smaller sample size.
4. The Jito MEV component is variable and depends on network MEV activity and individual validator participation in the Jito protocol.

### SOL Real Reward Rate: SOLSRB^R

The real reward rate calculates the SOLSRB adjusted for inflation in the network.

$$
SOLSRB^R = (1 + SOLSRB) / (1 + ir) - 1
$$

<table data-full-width="false"><thead><tr><th width="141">Formula key</th><th width="158">Metric name</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>ir</td><td>Inflation Rate</td><td>The annualized inflation rate, computed as: <code>vi * est / stAvg30d * ts / cs</code>, where <code>vi</code> is the validator inflation rate, <code>est / stAvg30d</code> is the slot time adjustment, <code>ts</code> is total supply, and <code>cs</code> is circulating supply.</td></tr></tbody></table>

#### Inflation Rate Behavior

Solana's inflation follows a disinflationary schedule. It started at 8% in February 2021 and decreases by 15% per year (the "dis-inflation rate") until it reaches a long-term steady state of 1.5%. The inflation rate used for the real reward rate calculation is derived from the validator inflation portion (excluding foundation allocation) and adjusted for actual slot time performance relative to the target.

***

### Other Solana metrics calculated by Staking Rewards:

<table data-full-width="false"><thead><tr><th width="212.99999999999994">Metric</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Delegated Tokens</td><td>The number of SOL tokens delegated to validators.</td></tr><tr><td>Self Staked Tokens</td><td>The number of SOL tokens staked by validators directly.</td></tr><tr><td>Staking Wallets</td><td>Total number of unique delegations onchain. It doesn't distinguish based on unique delegator addresses.</td></tr><tr><td>Fee Revenue</td><td>Annualized transaction fees in USD, derived from the 30-day average of daily fees (sourced from DefiLlama) multiplied by 365 and the current SOL price.</td></tr></tbody></table>

#### Data Sources:

* [Staking Rewards](https://www.stakingrewards.com/) from indexed Solana Blockchain RPC Endpoints

***

#### References:

* <https://docs.solanalabs.com/>
* <https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/solana>

***

:books:[ Learn more about SOL Staking](https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/solana)

:bar\_chart: [Calculate your SOL Staking Rewards](https://www.stakingrewards.com/calculator?asset=solana)

:gear: [Access historic Solana Staking Data via API](https://www.stakingrewards.com/data-api)

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Last updated on 03/17/2026
```


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